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Club Chemistry

26 March, 2010

1-Deoxynojirimycin and 1-Deoxyaltronojirimycin


deoxynojirimycin1
Davies, Bagal, Lee, Roberts, Russell, Scott, ThomsonOrg. Lett., 2009ASAP. DOI: 10.1021/ol902533bArticle PDF
More of a post-ette than a full post, this tasty little nugget was found buried amongst effective reposts and updates.  Out there to give you a freaky sense of de ja vous are full papers on kendomycinspirastrellolide,nakiterpiosin… finding something new was an effort!
What we’ve got here are a pair of closely related synthese of some poly hydroxylated piperidenes; notable for their glycosidase inhibitory effects.  Huh, I hear you say (actually, probably not – there are plenty of med-chemists reading this!) – glycosidase inhibitors have been notable in both anti-cancer and HIV therapies.
The first reaction worth considering is a bis-epoxidation and in-situ opening to provide four stereocenters in one pot.  The chemistry is racemic, but does an excellent job otherwise, garnering a useful yield and excellent diastereoselectivity.
deoxynojirimycin_1
The second reaction I liked followed on directly after this.  Taking the freshly installed alcohol and mesylating under standard conditions results in a trans-annular ring closure, as the proximal amine displaces the mesylate to give an aziridine.  In the formation of the mesylate, chloride is of course displaced (soaked-up by the triethylamine).  But it now comes to the fore, opening the aziridine to complete a formal ring contraction and provide a functional handle.
deoxynojirimycin_2
A bit of silver was sufficient in hydrolysing the primary chloride, setting the group very close to the target, and demonstrating a neat sequence of reactions to produce a heavily functionalised piperidine.

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